Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Polyphenols enhance the activity of alkylating agents in leukaemia cell lines

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.27068

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of cisplatin (CSP), cyclophosphamide (CYCLO) and chlorambucil (CLB) when used in combination with quercetin (QUE), apigenin (AP), emodin (EMO), rhein (RH) or cis-stilbene (CIS) on ( A ) ATP levels and ( B ) caspase 3 activity; in the Jurkat lymphoid leukaemia cell lines. This was evaluated by: ( A ) CellTiter-Glo ® assay and ( B ) NucView caspase 3 activity assay. Cells were treated with CSP, CYCLO or CLB and polyphenols alone and in combination for 24 h using their lowest-significant doses (LSD); together with a vehicle control. All data was normalised to the vehicle control which was assigned ( A ) 100% cell viability and ( B ) 0% apoptosis. The data was expressed as medians and ranges ( N = 4). Effects of combination treatments were statistically classified as synergistic (*) causing a decrease in ATP levels ( A ) and an increase in caspase 3 activity ( B ); or antagonistic (#) causing an increase in ATP levels ( A ) and a decrease in caspase 3 activity ( B ); when compared to vehicle control, drugs alone and expected values of combination treatments. Statistical significant was set at P ≤ 0.05.

Article Snippet: Four human leukaemia cell lines were used for this study: Two lymphoid leukaemia cell lines (Jurkat (peripheral blood T cell leukaemia) (ATCC: TIB-152, Middlesex, UK) and CCRF-CEM (acute lymphoblastic leukaemia) (ATCC: CCL-119, Middlesex, UK)); which had been previously shown to be sensitivity to polyphenols treatments [ ]; together with two myeloid leukaemia cell lines (THP-1 (acute monocytic leukaemia) (ATCC: TIB- 202, Middlesex, UK) and KG-1a (acute myelogenous leukaemia) (ATCC:CCL-243)) which had been previously shown to be resistance to polyphenol treatment [ ].

Techniques: Activity Assay, Glo Assay, Caspase-3 Activity Assay, Control

Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Polyphenols enhance the activity of alkylating agents in leukaemia cell lines

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.27068

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of cisplatin (CSP), cyclophosphamide (CYCLO) and chlorambucil (CLB) on cell cycle progression, when used in combination with quercetin (QUE), apigenin (AP), emodin (EMO), rhein (RH), or cis-stilbene (CIS) in two lymphoid leukaemia cell lines (Jurkat and CCRF-CEM) and two myeloid leukaemia cell lines (THP-1 and KG-1a)

Article Snippet: Four human leukaemia cell lines were used for this study: Two lymphoid leukaemia cell lines (Jurkat (peripheral blood T cell leukaemia) (ATCC: TIB-152, Middlesex, UK) and CCRF-CEM (acute lymphoblastic leukaemia) (ATCC: CCL-119, Middlesex, UK)); which had been previously shown to be sensitivity to polyphenols treatments [ ]; together with two myeloid leukaemia cell lines (THP-1 (acute monocytic leukaemia) (ATCC: TIB- 202, Middlesex, UK) and KG-1a (acute myelogenous leukaemia) (ATCC:CCL-243)) which had been previously shown to be resistance to polyphenol treatment [ ].

Techniques:

Journal: Oncotarget

Article Title: Polyphenols enhance the activity of alkylating agents in leukaemia cell lines

doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.27068

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) The effect of two alkylating agents: cisplatin (CSP) and cyclophosphamide (CYCLO) on γ-H2AX foci formation (DNA damage marker) when used in combination with quercetin (QUE), apigenin (AP), emodin (EMO), rhein (RH) or cis-stilbene (CIS); in two lymphoid (Jurkat and CCRF-CEM) and two myeloid (THP-1 and KG-1a) leukaemia cell lines. This was evaluated by the immunofluorescent staining using Alexa Fluor ® 647 Mouse anti-H2AX (pS139). Cells were treated with CSP, CYCLO or CLB and polyphenols alone and in combination for 24 h using their lowest-significant doses (LSD). The data was expressed as medians and ranges ( N = 4). Data was normalised to the vehicle control which was assigned 0% of γ-H2AX foci formation (DNA damage marker). Effects of combination treatments were statistically classified as synergistic (*) causing an increase in the percentage of cells with γ-H2AX foci or antagonistic (#) causing a decrease in the percentage of cells with γ-H2AX foci; when compared to vehicle control, drugs alone and expected values of combination treatments. Statistical significant was set at P ≤ 0.05. ( B ) An example of immunofluorescent detection of DNA damage (measured as γ-H2AX foci) for Jurkat lymphoid leukaemia cells when treated with LSDs of cisplatin (CSP) and cyclophosphamide (CYCLO) alone and in combination with apigenin (AP) for 24 h. Cells with ≥5 foci (red arrows) are identified as having DNA damage. Images were captured in bright filed using (Cell-F software, Olympus). Scale bar = 100 μm.

Article Snippet: Four human leukaemia cell lines were used for this study: Two lymphoid leukaemia cell lines (Jurkat (peripheral blood T cell leukaemia) (ATCC: TIB-152, Middlesex, UK) and CCRF-CEM (acute lymphoblastic leukaemia) (ATCC: CCL-119, Middlesex, UK)); which had been previously shown to be sensitivity to polyphenols treatments [ ]; together with two myeloid leukaemia cell lines (THP-1 (acute monocytic leukaemia) (ATCC: TIB- 202, Middlesex, UK) and KG-1a (acute myelogenous leukaemia) (ATCC:CCL-243)) which had been previously shown to be resistance to polyphenol treatment [ ].

Techniques: Marker, Staining, Control, Software

Journal: Cancer cell

Article Title: Dendritic cell paucity leads to dysfunctional immune surveillance in pancreatic cancer

doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.02.008

Figure Lengend Snippet: KEY RESOURCES TABLE

Article Snippet: anti-human CD206 (MMR) (15-2) , Fluidigm , #3168008B.

Techniques: Recombinant, Cell Stimulation, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, CyQUANT Assay, LDH Cytotoxicity Assay, Expressing, Staining, Derivative Assay, Software